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1912 Martin Trumpet Tones Vol. 1; Martin Band Instruments Catalog No. 71 circa 1916; Martin Handcraft Catalog- No 72 - 1922; 1923 Martin Handcraft Instruments Catalog No. 72; The New Master Martin Handcraft Catalog - 1927; See All MARTIN Publications. 65 rows The top portion of the chart assumes that Martin was in business prior to 1910. One estimate started the chart in 1902. Other information suggests that the Martin brothers were working at Conn in 1902. JH Martin Band Instruments was incorporated in 1904, and reorganized as Martin Band Instrument Co. Numbers in italics are estimated. 145352 - 154288. 154289 - 161519. 161520 - 165325. 165326 - 170394. Get a great deal with this online auction for a trombone presented by Property Room on behalf of law enforcement or public agency client. Brand: The Martin Committee Serial Number: 7. The Martin Band Instrument Company was a musical instrument manufacturer in Elkhart, Indiana.The firm produced band instruments, including trumpets, cornets, fluegelhorns, trombones, and saxophones from 1908 through the 1960s. The brand was acquired by the Leblanc Corporation in 1971 and discontinued in 2007 after Leblanc's 2004 acquisition by Conn-Selmer.
Private | |
Industry | Musical instruments |
---|---|
Founded | 1905 |
Founder | Henry Charles Martin |
Defunct | 2007 |
Headquarters | |
United States | |
Products | Band instruments |
Owner | Unused trademark of a publicly traded conglomerate |
Parent | Steinway Musical Instruments, Conn-Selmer division, Leblanc company |
The Martin Band Instrument Company was a musical instrument manufacturer in Elkhart, Indiana. The firm produced band instruments, including trumpets, cornets, fluegelhorns, trombones, and saxophones from 1908 through the 1960s. The brand was acquired by the Leblanc Corporation in 1971 and discontinued in 2007 after Leblanc's 2004 acquisition by Conn-Selmer.
History[edit]
John Henry Martin and the first Martin company[edit]
John Henry (Johann Heinrich) Martin was born February 24, 1835, in Dresden, Germany. He learned to make instruments in the old way as an apprentice to the instrument maker Christian Hammig of Markneukirchen, Germany, from 1850–54, according to the archives of Musikinstrumenten-Museum. In 1855 he emigrated to the United States and followed his trade, first in New York by establishing 'The Martin Company' and the later part of 1865 in Chicago. It is believed that Martin was the first maker of musical instruments in Chicago. In 1871 the original Martin factory was destroyed by the great Chicago fire. The family lost everything and was reunited three days after the fire when they met on the shores of Lake Michigan. In 1876 the family moved to Elkhart, Indiana, where John Henry became an employee of C.G. Conn. During this period his employment was sporadic and he worked for other instrument manufacturers. Some of these companies were The Michigan Musical Manufacturing Company of Detroit, Michigan and the early York Band Instrument Company in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Because of ill health, he retired from making instruments in 1902 and died on November 25, 1910.
Henry Charles Martin and the Martin Band Instrument Company[edit]
Martin Guitar Product Dating & Value FAQs | C.F. Martin & Co.
The eldest son of John Henry Martin was Henry Charles Martin (b. New York City, 12 January 1866; d. Elkhart, 8 November 1927). From about 1890 he worked for Conn as his father had done. Martin family sources claim that the Martin Band Instrument Company began in 1905. It may have been setting up at this date with very limited production, however it wasn't until 1910 that the company was in full operation with Henry Charles Martin, Robert J. Martin, Charles E. Martin and Frederick Martin as president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer respectively. Family sources indicate that the four brothers fought incessantly over the company, and in 1912 Francis Compton bought a major share and assumed the position as vice-president from 1912 to 1917. Charles Henry Martin remained as president until 1917. In 1922 he was working for Buescher. It is known in a letter dated 1923 that Martin expressed his desire to begin tooling for a third Martin company, but in 1924 he suffered the first of three strokes and was forced to resign from Buescher.
The company from 1912 to 1971[edit]
From 1912 into the 1920s production expanded rapidly to include a full line of brasswinds and saxophones for the professional and amateur markets. The trademark name 'Martin Handcraft' acquired modifiers designating specific models such as 'Master,' 'Troubador,' 'Imperial,' 'Committee,' and 'Standard,' with 'Standard' designating second-line instruments sold under Martin's name prior to 1942. 'The Indiana by Martin' designated second-line instruments until the early 1960s, followed by 'Medalist' and 'Imperial' (not to be confused with Handcraft Imperial). The mid-1930s saw introduction of the 'Martin Committee' model trumpets and 'Martin Handcraft Committee' saxophones. The 'Handcraft Committee' name for saxophones was dropped in 1945. Martin's postwar 'Committee III' saxophones were branded 'The Martin (saxophone type)' without the 'Handcraft,' although the 'Committee' name for saxophones was officially revived during the late 1950s. Martin also produced limited edition and commemorative versions of their saxophones with names such as 'Centennial' and 'Music Man' and, from 1956 on, a deluxe version called the 'Magna.' Martin was also a major source of 'stencil' instruments sold under various merchandisers' brands. Martin created the Indiana Band Instrument Company in 1928 as a paper entity to distribute its second-line products sold under those brands. That entity was officially dissolved by 1942. Some of the stencil instruments such as the postwar 'Dick Stabile' and 'Olds Super' saxophones were professional grade. Martin saxophones were distinctive for having tonehole chimneys soldered onto the body decades after other manufacturers switched to drawing them out of the body tube to save production costs.[1]
In 1961 Paul E. Richards combined Martin, E. K. Blessing, and F.A. Reynolds under the 'Roundtable of Music Craftsmen,' or RMC. Richards desired increased production for the student market. Key personnel left the company and the arrangement fell apart in 1964. The rights to the Martin trademark were taken over by Wurlitzer, and the Martin factory became a division of Wurlitzer in Elkhart. Wurlitzer eventually discontinued production of saxophones and sold low-quality saxophones made by Malerne as 'The Martin'. In 1971 the rights to the Martin name were bought by Leblanc, and Wurlitzer closed the old Martin factory.
1971-2007[edit]
Leblanc was an early importer of Yanagisawa saxophones and sold some of those instruments as 'The Martin' before marketing them under the producer's own name. Leblanc produced Martin-branded brasswinds at their Holton factory in Elkhorn, Wisconsin. Leblanc used the 'Committee' brand for an Elkhorn-produced trumpet although it was in fact based on a Holton design. Use of Martin's 'Committee' name for trumpets and 'Urbie Green' name for trombones continued until 2007.
The Leblanc Company was bought by the Conn-Selmer Corporation in 2004. The Martin brand was discontinued when Leblanc's Elkhorn facility was closed in 2007.
Committee brand[edit]
Martin Committee was the trademark name of the Martin Band Instrument Company's premier lines of trumpets and saxophones starting in the mid-1930s. All were produced in Elkhart, Indiana. The Martin Committee trumpets and saxophones were favorites of jazz musicians. Committee trombones were introduced in 1939. Committee model saxophones were discontinued towards the end of the 1960s. Committee model trumpets were discontinued in 1971, although the brand was nominally continued and applied to a different design.
Trumpet[edit]
The Martin Committee trumpet was originally designed in the late 1930s by the legendary Renold Schilke with play testing and feedback by a 'committee' of diverse players and teachers. Schilke always maintained that the horn was actually designed 'by a committee of one.'
The first advertisement for the Martin Committee ran in the December 1, 1940 issue of Down Beat. It listed the committee as follows:
- Fred Berman, popular radio staff star, probably the busiest trumpet player and teacher in Boston.
- Bunny Berigan, soloist and band leader
- M. Thomas Cousins, of the National Symphony Orchestra
- Dana Garrett, formerly cornet soloist of the Sousa Band - now first trumpet, Capitol Theatre, Washington, D.C.
- Rafael Mendez, Hollywood artist
- Jimmy Neilson, Band Director and Instrumental Instructor, Oklahoma City University - an outstanding trumpet and cornet artist.
- Renold Schilke, one of the most highly skilled artists in America, first trumpet with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
- Otto Kurt Schmeisser, formerly with the Boston and Detroit Symphony Orchestras, later a successful teacher in Detroit.
- Charlie Spivak, rated 'tops' by everybody who knows - now heading his own fine combination.
- Charlie Teagarden, soloist and brother of bandleader Jack Teagarden
The input of the committee was taken into consideration during the Committee trumpet's design process.
The horn became widely adopted in jazz music because of its warm, rich sound and flexible intonation. It has a unique sound that has been described as 'dark and smokey'.
Miles Davis played custom-made Committees throughout his career. Other notable players include Dizzy Gillespie, Clark Terry, Chet Baker, Lee Morgan, Maynard Ferguson, Art Farmer, Wallace Roney, and Chris Botti.
![Serial Serial](/uploads/1/1/8/9/118990051/866702888.jpg)
![Serial Serial](/uploads/1/1/8/9/118990051/582862048.jpg)
When the rights to the Martin brand were purchased by Leblanc in 1971, the Committee designs were discontinued and the name given to trumpets of a different design produced at a Leblanc's Holton facility in Elkhorn, Wisconsin. These horns were produced until 2007, when the Martin brand was dropped by Conn-Selmer, who had purchased Leblanc in 2004.
- Members of the Martin committee
- 1954 Martin Committee trumpet in unrestored condition
- Martin Committee bell engraving
Saxophone[edit]
A new model of Martin saxophone named Handcraft Committee was introduced in 1936, replacing the Handcraft Imperial model. This series, often referred to as 'Committee I' today, has art-deco engraving depicting an urban skyline with searchlights sweeping the sky as an airplane flies through. These are informally called 'Martin skyline' and 'Martin searchlight' horns.[2]
In 1939 Martin introduced a new design named Handcraft Committee II, with a larger bell and a deeper sound, sometimes called 'Lion and Crown' after the new engraving design. It was not engraved 'Committee'; 'Comm. II' was stamped on the rear of the body tube.[3]
In 1945 Martin introduced a new model that gained favor among R&B and rock & roll players for its dynamic sound properties. The 'Handcraft' name was dropped and the horns were branded 'The Martin (saxophone type);' the 'Committee' name was engraved on some examples from the late 1950s on.[4] Other variations in engraving include the 'RMC' initials on horns produced from 1961-64. It is sometimes called 'Committee III' today to disambiguate it from other Martin saxophones.
Production of the 'Committee III' model continued until the late 1960s, when Wurlitzer discontinued saxophone production at the Martin factory and began using 'The Martin' as the name for student model instruments manufactured by Malerne.[5] After the acquisition of the Martin brand rights by Leblanc in 1971, the name was applied to Yanagisawa saxophones imported by Leblanc. Neither the Malerne or Yanagisawa instruments branded 'The Martin' are related to the Committee III design that preceded them.
Trombone[edit]
Martin introduced the Committee trombone in 1939.[6] The committee that designed it, chaired by Chuck Campbell, also consisted of Miff Mole, Jack Jenney, Al Angelotta, Andy Russo, Al Philburn, Phil Giardina, Lloyd Turner, and Charlie Butterfield. It was available in medium bore with a 7-inch (18 cm) bell and medium large bore with a 71⁄2-inch (19 cm) bell. A 'De Luxe' model was later added featuring nickel silver trim.
References[edit]
- ^http://www.themartinstory.net/version7/index.php
- ^http://www.themartinstory.net/version7/models-committee.php
- ^http://www.themartinstory.net/version7/models-committee-2.php
- ^http://www.themartinstory.net/version7/models-the-martin.php
- ^http://saxpics.com/the_gallery/Malerne/stencils/76xxx-martin/
- ^Retail Price List, Martin Handcraft Band Instruments, Elkhart, Indiana: The Martin Band Instrument Co., October 1, 1939
Sources[edit]
- McMakin, Dean 'Musical Instrument Manufacturing in Elkhart, Indiana' (unpublished typescript, 1987, available at Elkhart Public Library)
- Elkhart city directories (available Elkhart Public Library)
- The Elkhart Truth, Saturday 26 November 1910, obituary of John Henry Martin
- Elkhart Daily Review, Saturday 26 November 1910, obituary of John Henry Martin
- The Elkhart Truth, Tuesday 8 November 1927, obituary of Henry Charles Martin
See also[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin_Band_Instrument_Company&oldid=949912565'
Martin Band Instrument Company - Wikipedia
Discontinued Trombone Models
This is a list containing the specifications of non-custom trombone models from various manufacturers that have been discontinued. I hope to add to and continually update this list - please do let me know if you spot any errors or omissions.
Specifications Of Discontinued Trombone Models
Please take a few moments to read my copyright notice and disclaimer if you haven't done so already.
Martin Indiana Trumpet Serial Numbers
Discontinued Trombone Model Specifications | |||||
Manufacturer (Parent Company) | Model | Bore (in.) | Bell (in.) | Valve(s) | Other information |
Amati-Denak | |||||
Vincent Bach (Selmer) | Vincent Bach began producing mouthpieces in New York in 1918 and trumpets in 1924. Trombone designs were finalised in 1928, the same year Vincent moved factories to the Bronx, New York. Hence, I don't think there were any trombones produced at the previous site (I haven't seen any evidence to suggest the opposite), but don't quote me on this! In 1953, Bach moved factories again, this time to Mount Vernon, New York where production continued until the early 1960s. Vincent Bach sold his company to the Selmer Corporation in 1961. Selmer had all the tooling and machinery moved to Elkhart, Indiana, and production resumed in 1965. Mount Vernon-era instruments are highly-prized by collectors, particularly those rare examples that are in good condition. Elkart instruments have also been very good until the late 1980s. Sadly, the previously high standard of quality control declined in the 1990s - there have been complaints of instances of shoddy workmanship. Bach aficionados will generally keen to point out that most Bachs are good instruments, however. The trick, it seems, is to play test a few examples to make sure you're getting one of the good ones. New! Gordon Cherry has very kindly given permission for his Bach trombone serial number list to be reproduced on this site. Click here here to view it. | ||||
Benge (UMI) | |||||
Blessing | B-98 | .562 | 9.5 | F/Gb | Bass. Independent valves. Believed to be a clone of the Bach 50B3. Mixed reviews - some people believe it's great, others think it's a dud. |
Boosey & Hawkes (Besson) | Boosey & Hawkes has for many years been the sole large-scale producer of brass instruments in the UK. This company was formed from the merger of Boosey & Co. with Hawkes & Son in the 1930s. The former began life as a bookstore founded by Thomas Boosey in the 18th century. It only diversified into instrument manufacture about a century later. Hawkes & Son was originally founded in the 1860s by William Hawkes as an importer of muscial instruments, later venturing into music publishing and instrument manufacture. After WWII, the B&H group acquired the British arm of Besson, a company founded by the Frenchman Gustave Auguste Besson in the mid-19th century. The resulting profusion of brands and models have been rationalised over the years, and today, B&H brass instruments are principally produced under the Besson brand name. Strangely enough, despite the early diversity of brands and models, B&H apparently did not possess a large bore (ie 0.547) tenor in its range until around the mid-1950s. Early .547 instruments were apparently expensive and disappointing compared to American counterparts. B&H were apparently good at making F attachment linkages however - all the references I've seen consistently describe F attachment action as being favourable compared to that generally found on American instruments. Note on serial numbers: If you're looking to date your Besson instrument by looking at serial number lists available on the internet, you should be aware that there are two different lists. One relates to Besson (London) instruments and the other to Besson (Paris) ones. Additionally, it seems that Kanstul and The Allied Company (I'm not familiar with the latter) in the USA produced Besson instruments for which serial numbers are not available (but which were similar to that used on instruments produced by B&H at their Edgware plant). Gordon Cherry has very kindly given permission for his B&H trombone serial number list to be reproduced on this site. Click here here to view it. New!Stewart Stunell has recently e-mailed me some information about the 10.10, Besson International, Besson Stratford, Besson New Standard, Besson Academy and Sessionaire ranges. | ||||
The 1.10 series | Student models, 1960s-1980s | ||||
The 10.10 series | 1960s-1980s. One source, Stewart Stunell, believes that the 10.10 series were top-line professional instruments designed for orchestral use (as opposed to B&H's traditional market, ie brass bands). He says they were regarded as being better than the Imperials: the 10.10 clarinets in particular are still highly prized, especially as a matched pair in Bb and A. In contrast, the brass range 'didn't quite take off'. This he attributes to the (then) fashion of using American trumpets and large bore trombones. | ||||
The 20.20 series | Intermediate(?) instruments, 1960s-1980s | ||||
B&H 400 series | Student instruments, manufactured in Czechoslovakia. Some also contract-manufactured by Kanstul, USA. | ||||
B&H Emperor series | Intermediate models, equivalent to Besson Concorde but differing in trim and fittings. | ||||
B&H Imperial series | Professional models. Superceded by B&H Sovereign range during early 1970s. | ||||
B&H Oxford | Professional instruments. | ||||
B&H Regent series | Beginners instruments, equivalent to Besson Westminster but differing in trim and fittings. Superceded in early 1990s by Besson 600 series. | ||||
B&H, later Besson, Sovereign series | Professional models. Replaced Imperial series. Current Sovereign range is also known as the Besson 900 series. | ||||
Besson Academy series | According to Stewart Stunell, this was a complete family of professional trombones. Members ranged in size from 'Alto through medium/small Tenors, medium bore Tenors, medium/large Tenors to large bore Tenors and Bb/F Bass trombones'. Model numbers were 401 thru 409. | ||||
Besson Class A | 'Class A' is a designation denoting professional-quality instruments. I believe this designation was only used pre-B&H era and am seeking to confirm this. Further details also being sought. | ||||
Besson Concorde series | Intermediate models, equivalent to B&H Emperor but differing in trim and fittings. Evolved into current 700 series. | ||||
Besson International series | Some contract-manufactured by Kanstul, USA. Stewart Stunell says that the Besson International range were professional models considered equivalent to the Sovereign Cornets and Imperial trombones (Bb/F tenor and Bb/F bass). Bells had distinctive engraving; available either lacquered or in burnished silver plate. | ||||
Besson New Standard series | According to Stewart Stunell, these instruments were Brass Band professional instruments equivalent to the B&H Imperials. | ||||
Besson Stratford series | According to Stewart Stunell, the Besson Stratford range was an intermediate one equivalent to the B&H Emperor. | ||||
Besson Westminster series | Student models, equivalent to B&H Regent but differing in trim and fittings. Now sold as 600 series. | ||||
Lafleur series | Student line. Evolved into 400 series. | ||||
Sessionaire | A collection of top-line professional jazz trumpets and trombones, according to Stewart Stunell. He says they have 'a neat caliper tuning slide mechanism'. Stewart is the proud and happy owner of a Sessionaire trombone, medium/small bore (0.487in) with 8 inch bell, which 'sings like a dream'. | ||||
Blessing | |||||
CG Conn | Charles Gerard Conn started manufacturing brass instruments in Elkhart, Indiana, during the 1870s, and his company proved to be a great success. On Conn�s retirement in 1915, the company was sold to Carl Diamond Greenleaf. Under Greenleaf�s direction, the firm prospered, expanding still further through both organic growth and purchase of other companies. During his stewardship also, many instrument models and various innovations were introduced some of which are still around today, eg the system of numbers and letters for designating instrument models, vocabells (rimless bells), the renown Conn 88H series (it is rumoured that Vincent Bach modelled his famous Stradivarius 42 trombones on the 88H). This period, the following one under the administration of Paul Gazlay (1949-1958) and a third led by Greenleaf�s son Leland, are today considered to have been the golden years of the Conn Corporation. Conn trombones of this fabled era have a legendary reputation amongst the classical musicians and instruments manufactured in the 1950s and 60s are particularly prized by collectors. In 1969, the Greenleaf family sold the company to the MacMillan Company, a publisher of books. The years under MacMillan ownership were something of a disaster, a dark age for Conn. MacMillan relocated Conn�s headquarters in Illinois, deliberately destroying historical records in the process, leading to loss of a (now) priceless and irreplaceable treasure trove of information about older Conn instruments. A fine new instrument factory in Elkhart was sold to Selmer (Vincent Bach instruments are now produced there) while Conn�s own instrument manufacturing was largely moved to Abilene, Texas, to take advantage of lower labour costs. However, MacMillan failed to appreciate that instrument manufacture is a labour-intensive process requiring a skilled workforce not to be found in Abilene. The first few years in Abilene were essentially learning ones for the new staff, and hence quality of output was very variable. Generally, Abilene-produced instruments have a poor reputation, although it is possible to find examples of good quality. In 1980, the former Conn employee Daniel Henkin purchased the Conn Corporation from MacMillan. Amongst his achievements were to bring the company back to Elkhart and the purchase of King Musical Instruments. Conn and King were sold in 1985 to Skane Gripen, a Swedish conglomerate, which formed a new parent company, United Musical Instruments (UMI), under whose umbrella Conn and King remain today. The Abilene plant was closed the following year and production of Conn-badged instruments moved to Eastlake, Ohio, where King instruments were being made. Both King and Conn instruments produced in the following decade are generally considered by enthusiasts to be ordinary in terms of quality and character. In the late 1990s, however, UMI has made great strides in improving its manufacture of instruments. The updated Conn 88H models (�Generation II? in particular have come in for considerable praise, being likened by some professionals to be every bit as good as (if not better than) their Elkhart counterparts (click here to read a review on the 88H Gen2 series). It also appears that Conn may be reintroducing or improving old Conn favourites, eg the 62H. Note: Older Conn trombones had Remington-style leadpipes which will only accept mouthpieces with Remington shanks. Newer instruments and retrofitted older instruments have leadpipes with a (Bach-style) Morse taper and hence will accept modern mouthpieces with standard shanks. New! Gordon Cherry has very kindly given permission for his Conn trombone serial number list to be reproduced on this site. Click here here to view it. New! According to Don Bilger, Conn also manufactured trombones under the Pan American and Cavalier brand names. He wasn't sure of the dates for Cavaliers, but Pan American production apparently ran from around 1917 to 1954 and the Pan American serial numbers don't mesh with the Conn serial number list (no source that correlates Pan American serial numbers with production dates is known). The Pan Americans he saw were all small straight tenors with .485' bores and 7' bells. There was a basic model sometimes called a 64H, and a more deluxe model with nickel trim termed the 68H. Both were reportedly modelled on the 4H professional-grade trombone. | ||||
2H | According to the Conn Loyalist trombone list, this was a #1 1/2 Bore Artists' Small Bore with 6.5' or 7' Bell (Wurlitzer Special). 1919-1927, discontinued 1929. | ||||
3H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #1 1/2 Bore Artists' Small Bore with 6.5' or 7' Bell (Wurlitzer Special). High and low pitch. 1919-1927, discontinued 1929. | ||||
4H | .485 | Small-bore, favoured for jazz, often compared with King 2B. Historical notes: according to the Conn Loyalist list, this designation was used for a #2 1/2 Bore Artists' Medium Bore with 6.5' or 7' Bell (Wurlitzer Special) from 1919-1939. A #2 1/2 Bore Artist Special with Nickel Trim was introduced in 1936 and discontinued in 1941. A #2 1/2 Bore Medium Bore Artist with Light Weight Slides was introduced in 1940 and discontinued in 1954. A #2 1/2 Bore Medium Bore Artist Special with Light Weight Slides was introduced in 1940 and discontinued in 1941. A #2 1/2 Bore Victor was introduced in 1954 and discontinued in 1958. A #2 1/2 Bore Victor with Light Weight Slides was introduced in 1954 and discontinued in 1958. | |||
5H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #2 1/2 Bore Artists' Medium Bore with 6.5' or 7' Bell (Wurlitzer Special). High & Low Pitch. High and low pitch. 1919-1932. | ||||
6H | .500 | Small-bore, favoured for jazz, comparable to (but brighter than) King 3B. Historical notes: according to the Conn Loyalist list, this designation was used for a #3 Bore Bb Symphony Small Bore with 7.5' or 8' Bell introduced in 1918, discontinued 1928, and reinstated in 1937. Discontinued 1985(?). | |||
7H | .525 | 8.5 | The 7H/78H series were possibly cloned subsequently by Blessing as their B-7 and B-78 models. The 'new' 78H model introduced in the 1970s (ie the model number reused) was essentially a 7H with F attachment. Information about the 7H was kindly provided by Don Bilger. Historical notes: according to the Conn Loyalist list, this designation was used for a #3 Bore Bb Symphony Small Bore with 7.5' or 8' Bell (high and low pitch) introduced in 1918, discontinued 1928. | ||
8H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #4 1/4 Bore Large Symphony from 1919-1934, and a #4 1/2 Bore Artist Symphony with red brass bell from 1954 to approximately 1974. | ||||
9H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Large Bore Symphony from 1919-1934. | ||||
10H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #1 1/2 Small Bore from 1919-1930, and a #3 Bore Victor with Coprion Bell and Light Weight Slides from 1955 to 1963. | ||||
11H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #1 1/2 Small Bore from 1919-1930. | ||||
12H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Bass with Piston Valve to F&E, 8 1/2' Bell and tuning in slide from 1919-1923, a #2 1/2 Bore Coprion from 1938-1955 and a #2 1/2 Bore Coprion with lightweight slides (available only on special order) from 1949 to 1955. | ||||
14H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Bass with Piston Valve to F&E from 1919-1923, a #4 1/2 + #3 1/2 Bore Medium Bass with rotary valve to F & E with tuning in slide from 1927-1932 and a #2 1/2 Bore Bb Director from 1954 to 1974. | ||||
16H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #1 1/2 Bore Alto from 1919-1948. | ||||
17H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #1 1/2 Bore Alto (high & low pitch) from 1919-1948. | ||||
18H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #3 Bore (Tait Model Tuning Device and Slides?) from 1919-1924, a #3 Bore 'Frisco' Artist with 7', 7�' or 8' Bell from 1924-1931 and a #2 1/2 Bore Bb Director with Coprion bell from 1954 to 1974. | ||||
19H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #3 Bore (Tait Model Tuning Device and Slides?) in high and low pitch from 1919-1926. | ||||
20H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Combination Slide and Valve trombone from 1919-1926, and a #2 1/2Bore Connquest from 1954-1955. | ||||
21H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Combination Slide and Valve trombone from 1919-1926, and a #2 1/2Bore Connquest from 1954-1955. | ||||
22H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Alloo Model from 1919-1924, and a #? Bore Alloo Model from 1928-1932. | ||||
23H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Alloo Model (high and low pitch) from 1919-1924. | ||||
24H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Large Symphony Model from 1919-1924, a #2 1/2 Bore Medium Bore Artist Ballroom Model with tuning slide in bell from 1928-1951, and a #2 1/2 Bore Bb Medium Bore Artist Ball-room Model with tuning slide in bell from 1958 to 1970's. | ||||
25H | According to the Conn Loyalist list, this was a #? Bore Large Symphony Model from 1919-1924, and a #2 1/2 Bore Medium Bore Artist Ballroom Model with tuning slide in bell from 1928-1951. | ||||
Connqueror 44H | .485 | Small-bore, vocabell. | |||
Connstellation 48H | .500 | 8 | Small-bore, comparable to (but brighter than) King 3B. Lightweight slide, bell may be nickel-plated. | ||
Director 50H | .525 | 8.5 | F | Medium-bore, student model. This instrument was in continuous production from the Elkhart era throughout all the changes of company ownership, only being discontinued recently (one or two years ago) to make way for UMI's new 52H (a .525/.547 'basic pro' horn with an F-attachment and 8-1/2 inch bell). Information about the 50H was kindly provided by Don Bilger. | |
60H | .562 | 9.5 | F | Bass trombone. Tuning in the slide, rose brass bell. Highly regarded. | |
62H | .562 | 9.5 | F/E | Bass trombone. Closed wrap, dependent valves (possibly may be pulled to Eb/D, but I'm not sure about this), tuning in the slide, rose brass bell. Very highly-regarded. A number were converted to open wrap by the legendary Larry Minick. | |
70H | 9.5 | F | Bass trombone. Tuning in the slide. Very highly-regarded - favoured by the legendary George Roberts. | ||
71H | .562 | 9.5 | F | Bass trombone. Yellow brass bell. Highly regarded. | |
72H | .562 | 9.5 | F | Bass trombone. Highly regarded. | |
73H | .562 | 9.5 | F/E | Bass trombone. Yellow brass bell, dependent valves. Highly regarded. | |
Connquest 77H | .522 | 8 | Medium-bore intermediate model, poor relation of 78H. | ||
78H | .525 | 8.5 | Elkart era instrument was medium-bore, professional model, yellow brass bell. Discontinued shortly after Conn was purchased by CCM. In the 1970s, a new 78H model was introduced (ie the model number reused) which was essentially a 7H with F attachment. These were possibly cloned subsequently by Blessing as their B-7 and B-78 models. The 7H/78H series was discontinued around the time that Daniel Henkin bought the company from CCM. Information about the 78H was kindly provided by Don Bilger. | ||
79H | .525 | 8.5 | F | Elkart era instrument was medium-bore, professional model, yellow brass bell. Discontinued shortly after Conn was purchased by CCM. Information about the 79H was kindly provided by Don Bilger. | |
98H | .547/.562 | 9 | F | Essentially an 88H with a larger bell and dual bore slide, played by George Roberts in the later stages of his career. | |
111H | .562 | 9.5 | F/Eb | Bass, rose brass bell, dependent valves. | |
A Courtois | |||||
Getzen Co | |||||
Holton (G Leblanc) | Many years ago, Holton bass trombones were once regarded as amongst the very finest instruments you could buy and so were highly sought after. They were played by luminaries such as Edward Kleinhammer, Ray Premru, Frank Mathieson and Dave Taylor. New! Gordon Cherry has very kindly given permission for his Holton trombone serial number list to be reproduced on this site. Click here here to view it. | ||||
TR169 | .562 | F | Bass, 9.5 (sometimes 10) inch red brass bell. Said to have been designed by the legendary Edward Kleinhammer, based on his Bach 50B. A very highly-revered instrument. Production ceased sometime in '60s. | ||
TR269 | .562 | F/E | Bass, double-valved version of TR169. | ||
TR180 | .562 | 10 | F/D | Bass. Designed by Lewis van Haney. Well regarded, but nowhere nearly as highly as its predecessor, the TR169. Throat of bell, leadpipe and gooseneck are said to be tighter than that of the TR169. Customised version with different leadpipe played by George Roberts. | |
TR185 | .562 | F | Bass, 9.5 or 10 inch bell. Well-regarded. | ||
Jupiter (KHS) | |||||
King | Henderson N White ran an instrument repair shop in Cleveland, Ohio, in the late 19th century. He became friends with Thomas King, a leading trombonist, and the two men collaborated to produce a trombone with superior slide action and tone quality. White named the model 'King', and the instrument proved a great success. The HN White company continued to develop new trombone models and gained an outstanding reputation for quality and innovation. The company was reputed to have pioneered sterling silver bells. Instruments with these bells were initially named 'Silvertone', and later, 'SilverSonic' (scuttlebutt has it that the former name was owned by Sears, Roebuck & Company, and that White had either licensed the name for a period or infringed on it and hence had to stop using it in the mid-1900s). Today, King SilverSonic instruments continue to be highly sought after. Henderson White passed away in 1940, and his wife took over the running of his company for the next 25 years. The company flourished under her direction, and in 1964, opened a new factory in Eastlake, Ohio. When Mrs White retired in 1965, the company was sold to a group of investors who sold it on to The Seeburg Corporation (then a major electronics manufacturer). At this point, the HN White Company was renamed King Musical Instruments. In 1985, King was sold to its current owners, UMI, who appear to be positioning the King marque as their jazz line (with Conn as their 'symphonic' line). The 1930s to the 1960s are considered to be vintage years for King trombones. Consensus is that quality dipped between from the 1970s thru the late 1980s or early 1990s, although well-made examples from that era can be found. In recent years, the quality of King trombones have improved to the point that the most recent King 2Bs and 3Bs, like their 30s-60s counterparts, are once again being regarded by many as being premier jazz instruments. The Duo Gravis bass trombone was is also prized by collectors, albeit not for use in modern symphonic music. Many legendary trombonists (eg Tommy Dorsey, JJ Johnson, Kai Winding and Jiggs Whigham) used King trombones for a significant part - or even all - of their careers. Some of the information below was obtained from scans of 1932 and 1939 King catalogues very kindly provided by Michael Shoshani. 1939 King regular bell finish options: Finish II 'Silver Gold': Silver-plated, inside of bell gold-plated. Richly-engraved. Inside of bell, ferrules, engraving design, braces, points, cork rings and water key are hand-burnished. Finish III 'Silver Gold Trimmed': Silver-plated. Inside of bell, engraving design, ferrules, points, water key are gold-plated and hand-burnished. Finish IV 'Gold Satin Finish': Heavily gold plated, special engraving design. Inside of bell, ferrules, engraving design, points, cork rings and water key are hand-burnished. Finish V 'Brass Highly Polished': Highly polished brass. Ferrules, points, trimmings, cork rings and hand-held parts of nickel-silver. Finish V-G 'Brass Gold Lacquer Finish'. Finish V-T 'Brass Transparent Lacquer Finish'. Artist Special: Very heavily gold-plated, extremely richly engraved. Entire bell, handgrip, cork rings, ferrules and trimmings on slide burnished. De Luxe: The most highly-decorated finish - heavily gold-plated, richly and intricately engraved. Bell, handgrip, ferrules, trimmings on slide and cork rings burnished. 1939 King sterling bell finish options: Finishes II, V (also V-G, V-T) and Artist Special, as for regular bells. Note: UMI-produced Kings are not burnished. The process of burnishing, accomplished by rubbing metal with a burnishing stone, makes the metal smooth and shiny. | ||||
American Standard Model No. 210 | Old HN White line. | ||||
Cello-Tone Model No. 1407 | .481/.491 | 7 | Old HN White line. Designed in conjunction with trombonist Gardell Simons. Three bore sizes were available: .480, .500, dual bore .460/.480. | ||
Cleveland Model No. 604 | 7 | Old HN White model, intermediate. Dual bore nickel-silver inner slide. Valve trombone version available. | |||
Concert | Later renamed model 3B. The great JJ Johnson played 3Bs for a significant portion of his career. | ||||
C Trombone | .461 | 6.5 | Old HN White trombone pitched in C. | ||
Gladiator | Old HN White student line. | ||||
Liberty Model No. 1406 | .481 | 7.25 | Old HN White line. Model No. 1456 (Silvertone) has sterling silver bell. | ||
Liberty 2B Model No. 1407 | .481/.491 | 7.25 | The classic trombone favoured by Tommy Dorsey. Model No. 1457 (Silvertone) has sterling silver bell. Nickel-silver inner and outer slides. End bow (crook) expanded to fit outer slide tubes - this eliminated need for connecting ferrules, reduced soldered joints from four to two and reduced weight at end of slide. | ||
New Proportion Model No. 1400 | .461/.481 | Old HN White line, Artist Solo Model No. 1400 has 6.5 inch bell, No. 1401 has 7 inch bell, No. 1450 (Silver Tone) has sterling silver bell. Intended for solo work and lead playing in dance bands and small orchestras. | |||
New Proportion Model No. 1405 | .481/.508 | 7.25 | Old HN White line, Model No. 1455 (Silver Tone version) has sterling silver bell. Designed as a medium-large bore for use in orchestras or 'dance, ballroom, theatre or 2nd trombone in band'. | ||
Symphony Model No. 1410 (1932 specs) | .508 | 9 | Originally designed for use in symphony orchestras or third trombone in band. Gold brass bell and slide, with sterling silver funnel. Optional bell entirely of gold brass. Model No. 1460 (Silver Tone version) has sterling silver bell. | ||
Symphony Model No. 1410 (1939 specs) | .546 | Some modifications made to 1932 specifications: bore size increased to .546, and two bell diameters made available: 8 or 9 inch. Model No. 1460 (Silver Tone version) has sterling silver bell. | |||
Symphony Model No. 1480 (1932 specs) | .508 | 9 | F | The No. 1480 is a No.140 with F attachment, flat (I think) wrap. Model No. 1485 (Silver Tone version) has sterling silver bell. | |
Symphony Model No. 1480 (1939 specs) | .508 | 9 | F | Unlike 1939 Model No. 1410, 8 inch bell not offered. Wrap design has been changed, now closed wrap. Model No. 1485 (Silver Tone version) has sterling silver bell. | |
Tempo | Student line, later renamed model 606. | ||||
5B | .547 | 9 | F | Essentially a 4B with larger bell and throat. | |
6B Duo Gravis | Bass. Dependent valves. Legendary professional-quality instrument. Much-prized by admirers, considered too bright by detractors (hence used mainly in symphonic and jazz settings rather than in orchestras). Default side-by-side trigger setup may be difficult for some to operate. | ||||
7B (2107) | .562 | 9.625 | F/Gb | Bass. Independent valves. A legend making the rounds is that the (tighter and brighter) 7B and (more open) 8B leadpipes were accidentally switched in the prototype 7B and 8B instruments (designed for jazz and symphonic settings, respectively) and that henceforth, production versions of the 8B had 7B leadpipes and vice-versa. In spite of that, funnily enough, the 7B has a reputation for being very bright (overly-so for symphonic use). | |
8B (2108) | .562 | F/Gb | Bass. Independent valves. A legend making the rounds is that the (tighter and brighter) 7B and (more open) 8B leadpipes were accidentally switched in the prototype 7B and 8B instruments (designed for jazz and symphonic settings, respectively) and that henceforth, production versions of the 8B had 7B leadpipes and vice-versa. | ||
Martin (G Leblanc) | The Martin Company was established in Chicago by the German emigrant John Martin (1835-1920) in the late 19th century. The company was destroyed in a fire and shortly afterwards, he moved to Elkhart, Indiana, to work for Conn. Circa 1906, the Martin Band Instrument company was formed in Elkhart, Indiana, by his sons. In 1928, they acquired the Indiana Band Instrument Company, but this company continued to operate independently until 1942, when it was integrated as Martin's student line. The Martin Band Instrument company was bought in 1964 by the Wurlitzer company, and sold on in 1971 to Leblanc. The only Martin model currently in production is the fabulous Urbie Green tenor trombone. Previous Martin pro ranges included the Committee and Imperial. Indianas were all student models, to the best of my knowledge. Martin trombones have distinctive 'straight' (single diameter) bell braces. | ||||
FE Olds | The 'real' FE Olds shut up shop in 1979 or thereabouts. Vintage models like the Recording and Super manufactured in California during the heyday of the company remain highly-prized even today. Established circa 1915 in Los Angeles 1915, initial Olds trombone models all had in-slide tuning. Bell-tuning models were introduced in the 1920s. In 1953, Olds moved from Los Angeles to Fullerton. Circa 1961, Olds was sold to Norlin. Norlin concentrated on production of the Ambassador student model, but were eventually forced to concede the student trombone market to Yamaha, resulting in the liquidation of Olds circa 1977. The Olds name was bought and is currently being used by a New Jersey company. These newer instruments are not as highly thought of. The descriptions below refer to instruments of the older variety. Early in the history of FE Olds, there were essentially two ranges: Standard and Military. Towards the middle of the century, the number of ranges proliferated. In ascending order of prestige (generally-speaking), they were the: Ambassador, Special, Studio, Super, Recording, Opera, Custom. Amongst the bass trombones, the Super and Custom were considered the superior lines, particularly the George Roberts model. A significant amount of the information about Olds trombones below was very kindly provided by Eric Burger. New! Gordon Cherry has very kindly given permission for his Olds trombone serial number list to be reproduced on this site. Click here here to view it. | ||||
Ambassador series | Excellent quality student instruments, assuming manufactured in the 50s and early 60s or earlier. Quality suffered thereafter due to over-emphasis on fulfilling production quotas. | ||||
Ambassador A15 | .485/.500 | 7.5 | Chrome-plated nickel-silver inner slide tubes. Silver finish available. | ||
Ambassador A20 | .510/.525(?) | 8.5 | Student-quality bass trombone with flat-wrap F attachment. Chrome-plated nickel-silver inner slide tubes. Bore size smaller than would be considered 'bass bore' today. | ||
Custom series | Top notch professional instruments. | ||||
Custom P15 | .500 | 8 | Thin-gauge bell, possibly yellow brass. Nickle-silver outer slide. | ||
Custom P16 | .500 | 7.5 | Heavy-weight bell, lightweight brass outer slide. | ||
George Roberts P22 | .565 | 9 | F | Professional bass instrument. Light yellow brass bell, .585 F attachment. | |
Custom P24 | .565 | 9 | F | Professional bass instrument. 9 inch bell, .585 F attachment. | |
George Roberts P24G | .565 | 9 | F/G | Professional bass instrument. 9 inch bell, .585 bore independent attachments. G trigger on first finger. | |
Military | 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 and 8 inch tenor bells with four bore sizes. Bass model has F attachment. | ||||
Military S6 | .485 | 6 | |||
Military S6.5 | .485 | 6.5 | |||
Military M7 | .485/.500 | 7 | |||
Military LM7 | .495/.510 | 7 | |||
Military LM7.5 | .495/.510 | 7.5 | |||
Military L8 | .510/.525 | 8 | F attachment available. | ||
Opera series | Professional instruments. | ||||
Opera O15 | .547 | 8.5 | Symphonic bore instrument. Nickel-silver thin-gauge bell. | ||
Opera Fanfare O115 | .547 | 8.5 | Symphonic bore instrument. Yellow brass bell. | ||
Opera O23 | .547 | 8.5 | F | Symphonic bore instrument. Nickel-silver thin-gauge bell. | |
Symphony O25 | .554 | 8.5 | F | Red brass bell. | |
Valve O20 | .500 | 7.5 | Valve trombone. | ||
Marching O21 | .500 | ||||
Radio | |||||
Radio R7 | .510/.525 | 7.5 | Compact. | ||
Radio R7.5 | .510/.525 | 7.5 | Compact | ||
Recording series | Popular professional-quality instruments, with red brass or bronze bell. Dark and lively sound. | ||||
Recording R15 | .495/.510 | 7.5 | Medium bore jazz horn, comparable to King 3B. Dual bore nickel-silver outer slides, chrome-plated nickel-silver inner slide tubes, may be fluted. Red brass bell. | ||
Recording R20 | 8.5 | Professional bass trombone with flat-wrap F attachment. Bore size smaller than would be considered 'bass bore' today. | |||
Self-Balancing | Tenor bell sizes 7, 7 1/2 or 8 inches and three bore sizes. | ||||
Self-Balancing M7 | .485/.500 | 7 | |||
Self-Balancing LM7 | .495/.510 | 7.5 | |||
Self-Balancing LM7.5 | .495/.510 | 7.5 | |||
Self-Balancing L8 | .510/.525 | 8 | F attachment available. | ||
Special series | Marketed as intermediate instruments, but said by many to play very much like professional instruments. Developed from the Military series. | ||||
Special L15 | Dual bore, chrome-plated nickel-silver inner slide tubes, may be fluted. | ||||
Standard | Tenor bell sizes 6, 7, 7 1/2 or 8 inches and four bore sizes. Tuning in slide. Bass version has F attachment. | ||||
Standard M7 | .485/.500 | 7 | Tuning in slide. | ||
Standard LM-7 | .495/.510 | 7 | |||
Standard LM7 | .495/.510 | 7.5 | |||
Standard L8 | .510/.525 | 8 | F attachment available. | ||
Studio series | Professional instruments. Nickel-silver tuning slide and bell, yellow brass neck resulting in dark sound normally associated with heavy bells, but without the corresponding weight. | ||||
Studio T15 | .485/.500 | 7.5 | Brass outer slides, chrome-plated nickel-silver inner slide tubes, may be fluted. Nickel-silver tuning slide and bell. | ||
Super series | Professional instruments. Pure bronze bell (very heavy) with tone control ring, rest of instrument nickel silver. Bell design results in a very dark and centred tone. | ||||
Super S15 | .485/.500 | 7.5 | Jazz horn. Dual bore, inner slide tubes fluted. Pure bronze bell with tone ring (or possibly heavy red brass bell according to Eric Burger), rest of instrument nickel silver. Click here to read a review on a 1930s Olds Super. | ||
Super FW SF15 | .485/.500 | 7 | Jazz instrument. Dual bore, inner slide tubes fluted (although Steve Close, who has 'a completely original Featherweight', says his instrument 'uses standard inners with shorterned stockings'). Possibly a light red brass bell (according to Eric Burger), rest of instrument nickel silver; Steve Close says his example 'is all nickel with the exception of a red brass bell' and that 'Olds referred to this alloy as “Bell Bronze” and it is the same alloy used in the S15 Super'. | ||
Super S20 | .547(?) | 9 | F | Professional bass trombone with flat-wrap F attachment. Pure bronze bell with tone ring (or possibly heavy red brass bell according to Eric Burger). Tuning in slide. | |
Super S22 George Roberts | .565 | 9 | F | Professional bass trombone designed by the legendary bass trombonist George Roberts. Tuning in slide. | |
Super S23 | 9/10 | F/E | Professional bass trombone with F attachment and dependent E valve. 9 or 10 inch bell. Tuning in slide. | ||
Super S24G | .565 | 9 | F/G | ||
Superstar series | |||||
Superstar V20 | .495/.510 | 8.5 | F | Silver-plated. | |
Superstar V25 | .565 | 10 | F | Silver-plated. | |
Yamaha | The Yamaha company was established by Torakusu Yamaha as Nippon Gakki (Musical Instruments of Japan) in 1887. The first wind instrument to bear the Yamaha name appeared in 1965 following a joint development effort by Yamaha and the wind instrument company Nippon Kangakki (Musical Instruments of Japan). The latter was absorbed by Yamaha in 1970. Early exports did not impress, but eventually, the firm gained a reputation for sterling quality control and cheap student trombones that represented excellent value-for-money. In the 1970s, Yamaha began producing clones of popular Western professional models. These instruments which were widely regarded as almost as good but significantly cheaper than their Western counterparts. By the mid-1980s, however, Yamaha had started to design (utilising advice from professional Western musicians employed as consultants) and introduce their own top-class instruments into the market. By all accounts, these have been very well received by trombonists all over the world. | ||||
YBL-321 | .563 | 9.5 | F | Bass. Introduced 1969, discontinued 1979. Replaced by YBL-421G. | |
YBL-322 | .563 | 9.5 | F | Bass. Introduced 1975, discontinued 1994. Replaced by YBL-421G. | |
YSL-352 | .500 | 8 | Introduced 1969, discontinued 1976. Replaced by YSL-354G. | ||
YSL-356G | .500/.525 | 8 | F | Introduced 1996, discontinued 1998. Replaced by YSL-446G. | |
YSL-356R | .500 | 8 | F | Introduced 1969, discontinued 1976. Replaced by YSL-446G. | |
YBL-611 | .563 | 10 | F/Eb | Bass. Introduced 1976, discontinued 1985. Replaced by YBL-612R. | |
YBL-612 | .563 | 10 | F/Eb | Bass. Introduced 1976, discontinued 1992. Replaced by YBL-612-II. | |
YBL-613 | .563 | 10 | F/Eb | Bass. Introduced 1982, discontinued 1994. Replaced by YBL-613H. | |
YBL-613G | .563 | 10 | F/Eb | Bass. Introduced 1985, discontinued 1991. Replaced by YBL-613H. | |
YBL-613R | .563 | 10 | F/Eb | Bass. Introduced 1983, discontinued 1985. Replaced by YBL-613H. | |
YBL-621 | .563 | 9.5 | F | Bass. Introduced 1978, discontinued 1985. Replaced by YBL-622. | |
YSL-641 | .547 | 8.5 | Introduced 1969, discontinued 1976. Replaced by YSL-681G. | ||
YSL-643 | .547 | 8.5 | F | One-piece gold brass bell, Yamaha's version of the Conn 88H, professional model. Introduced 1972, discontinued 1992. Replaced by YSL-682G. | |
YSL-645 | .525 | 8.5 | One-piece yellow brass bell, nickel-silver outer slide, professional model. Introduced 1976, discontinued 1998. | ||
YSL-646 | .525 | 8.5 | F | One-piece yellow brass bell, nickel-silver outer slide, closed wrap, professional model. Introduced 1976, discontinued 1998. | |
YSL-647 | .547 | 8.5 | One-piece yellow brass bell, nickel-silver outer slide, professional model. Introduced 1976, discontinued 1985. Replaced by YSL-681G. | ||
YSL-648 | .547 | 8.5 | F | Introduced 1976, discontinued 1984. Replaced by YSL-682G. | |
YSL-648R | .547 | 8.5 | F | One-piece red brass bell, nickel-silver outer slide, closed wrap, professional model. Introduced 1993, discontinued 1998. | |
YSL-651 | .500 | 8 | F | Introduced 1969, discontinued 1975. Replaced by YSL-691. | |
YSL-653 | .500 | 8 | Introduced 1976, discontinued 1989. Replaced by YSL-691. | ||
YSL-841 | .551 | 8.5 | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | ||
YSL-842 | .551 | 8.5 | F | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | |
YSL-843 | .525 | 8.5 | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | ||
YSL-844 | .525 | 8.5 | F | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | |
YSL-851 | .500 | 8 | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | ||
YSL-852 | .500 | 8 | F | Introduced 1982, discontinued 1984. | |
YSL-871 | .470 | 7.35 | Alto. Introduced 1982, discontinued 1985. |